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Joined 1 year ago
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Cake day: July 15th, 2023

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  • Lots of western companies are. Not everything is subject to sanctions — the U.S. government still buys uranium from Russia and there’s cooperation on space launches — but even the companies that tried to divest for moral reasons found it challenging, to say the least. The ones who tried often had their assets essentially stolen or sold for pennies on the dollar to a Putin loyalist oligarch.

    I’m not sure what Apple is doing there besides having the App Store. They did stop all exports so any new Apple products there are smuggled and probably way more expensive. On balance, I think it’s better keeping the App Store and software updates available to Russians. Some dissidents and journalists use Apple products too and you don’t want their devices left insecure.



  • Why? I know why far-right Republican bozos want it — all the bribes (or “donations”) from the crypto and oil industries. But how would anyone else benefit from this? We don’t pay our taxes in random things that have a perceived value, whether it’s Mexican Pesos, airline miles, gold doubloons, futures contracts, corn, land, etc. for a reason. Individuals sell those assets (and often pay capital gains taxes on the sale) to get dollars, the national currency that has a known value and doesn’t need to be sold.

    Then, the U.S. government would have to sell them all anyway and the price fluctuations make that very risky. Why put that risk on the government? And only for Bitcoin, which is by design1 super volatile. It doesn’t even have a central bank. The U.S. government collecting and selling loads of BTC every April would probably make it even more volatile and speculative.

    1 Probably unintentionally since Bitcoin fanboys all seem to have found their Economics knowledge in a Cracker Jack box instead of a textbook.


  • chown changes the file owner. chmod changes permissions. So, if a file or directory is owned by root but a user should have access, you could make them the owner or you could keep root the owner and just allow read/write access.

    They come up more on servers where you often have multiple users with different access levels. Some users might not have sudo permission but do have full control over their home directory and whatever else they need. And web servers, for instance, will usually have a user called www-data or similar and it’s shared by all the users in the “developer” group.


  • chmod is the command to change user permissions. The numbers mean user, group, and others and the value allows read, write, execute. So, 000 means no one has permissions to get rid of the mount point. 777 means everyone has all permissions. (4 is read, 2 is write, and 1 is execute and the numbers are added. So, 644 would mean you can read/write, the group and other users have read only access.)

    You don’t have to use the numbers but eventually, almost every Linux admin does because it’s faster, a bit like a keyboard shortcut. But, for instance, you can add Execute permission with chmod +x /some/file/location.

    Here’s more details on the how to chmod and the historic reasons for the 0-7 system (spoiler: it’s 8 bits): https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/linux-file-permissions-explained